The energy transition is significantly boosting the demand for critical minerals, with Africa and Latin America poised to be major suppliers due to their rich geological endowments. Successful mineral extraction and supply chain development hinge on robust collaboration between governments and private companies. Governments play a crucial role in creating enabling environments, ensuring proper governance, and enhancing environmental and labor standards. The U.S. government is actively investing in infrastructure projects to support the mining sector and is focusing on improving regulatory frameworks and de-risking investments to attract private capital. public-private partnerships demonstrate the transformative impact of such collaborations on attracting further investment and accelerating development projects.